随着工业水平的迅速提升和经济的快速发展，人们的饮食结构也发生了很大改变，肉类等易腐食品在日常饮食中占据着越来越大的比重，同时食品冷冻、冷藏链物流以及解冻食品的使用成本下降，也促使冷冻食品需求的进一步上涨。在所有冷冻技术中，微波解冻以其独特的优势，正越来越受肉制品企业的关注。今天将具体给大家介绍下微波解冻。
With the rapid improvement of industrial level and economic development, people’s dietary structure has also undergone significant changes. Perishable foods such as meat occupy an increasing proportion in daily diet. At the same time, the cost of food freezing, cold chain logistics, and thawed food usage has decreased, which has also led to a further increase in demand for frozen foods. Among all freezing technologies, microwave thawing is increasingly attracting attention from meat product companies due to its unique advantages. Today, we will specifically introduce microwave thawing to you.
微波解冻按其工作频率分为 915MHz 和 2450MHz。虽然工作频率不同，但他们都是利用冻肉中的极性分子和带电离子在电磁力的驱动下相互影响，使冻肉内能增加而快速解冻。
Microwave thawing is divided into 915MHz and 2450MHz according to its operating frequency. Although working at different frequencies, they all utilize the interaction between polar molecules and charged ions in frozen meat under the drive of electromagnetic force, increasing the internal energy of frozen meat and rapidly thawing it.
下面将具体介绍下微波解冻的工作原理 Below, we will provide a detailed introduction to the working principle of microwave thawing
冻肉是一种由大量水分子和离子构成的高分子物质。若是分子内异种电荷中心相同，这类分子是极性分子，否则为非极性分子，离子则通过得到还是失去电子而划分为负离子和正离子。当存在外加磁场时，分子和离子会产生两类热效应：
Frozen meat is a polymer material composed of a large number of water molecules and ions. If the different charge centers within a molecule are the same, this type of molecule is a polar molecule, otherwise it is a non-polar molecule, and ions are divided into negative ions and positive ions by gaining or losing electrons. When there is an external magnetic field, molecules and ions will produce two types of thermal effects:
No.1 欧姆加热效应。 由于内部自由电子、离子的存在，当物料两端施加电磁场时，电子和离子受外界作用力的影响产生移动从而形成电流，该电流与生物电阻相互作用产生热量；
No.2 波动能量加热效应 将物料放在交变电场中，物料内原有的极性分子（主要是水分子）发生电偶极矩转向，非极性分子也会因电荷或原子核位置的改变而变为极性分子，他们在外力的作用下振动，从而使分子内能增加。
值得注意的是，无论是电子和离子的运动还是极性分子的振动，都会增加粒子间的摩擦，碰撞，从而产生热能。两种热效应分别与肉的导电能力和介电性能有关，是同时存在的，而哪种热效应起主要作用则跟物料的自身特性和所施加电磁场的频率有关。外加电磁波频率远小于物料特征频率时，主要为欧姆加热效应；外加电磁波频率远大于物料特征频率时，主要为波动能量加热效应。
No.1 Ohmic heating effect. Due to the presence of internal free electrons and ions, when an electromagnetic field is applied to both ends of the material, electrons and ions are affected by external forces and move to form an electric current, which interacts with biological resistance to generate heat;
No.2 Wave energy heating effect places the material in an alternating electric field, causing the original polar molecules (mainly water molecules) in the material to undergo a change in electric dipole moment. Non polar molecules will also become polar molecules due to changes in charge or nuclear position, and they will vibrate under external forces, thereby increasing the internal energy of the molecules.
It is worth noting that both the motion of electrons and ions and the vibration of polar molecules will increase the friction and collision between particles, thereby generating thermal energy. The two thermal effects are related to the conductivity and dielectric properties of meat, and they coexist. The main effect of which thermal effect depends on the material’s own characteristics and the frequency of the applied electromagnetic field. When the frequency of the applied electromagnetic wave is much lower than the characteristic frequency of the material, the main effect is the Ohmic heating effect; When the frequency of the external electromagnetic wave is much greater than the characteristic frequency of the material, the main heating effect is the wave energy.
915MHz 与 2450MHz的区别 The difference between 915MHz and 2450MHz
| 频率(Frequency) | 915MHz | 2450MHz |
| 穿透力（空气中） [Penetration (in air)] | 33公分 | 12公分 |
| 能源转换效率 (Energy conversion efficiency) | ≥80% | 40%―50% |
| 设备维护 (Equipment maintenance) | 简单(simple) | 繁琐(Cumbersome) |
| 适用功率 (Applicable power) | 大功率(75kW、100kW) | 小功率（1kW、5kW） |
| 质量标准 (quality standard) | 工业级 (Industrial grade) | 商用级 (Commercial grade) |
微波解冻与传统的解冻方式相比具有以下优势：
Compared with traditional thawing methods, microwave thawing has the following advantages:
01 能量利用率高
因为电磁波的选择性加热，导致电磁能基本被物料吸收，极少损失到到外部环境中，只有一部分功率反射回去，或被环形器的负载吸收；
02 解冻均匀
微波解冻能使物料表里同时受到电磁场的作用而产生热量。所以解冻均匀性好；
03 保证营养性
微波能够快速解冻的特点使得解冻物料能够快速经过相较于常规解冻而言细菌大量繁殖的外部环境中，避免污染，从而保持解冻物料的口味，蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素等营养成份不受破坏；
04 减少肉损率
自然解冻和水解冻都会有血水流出，肉损率在5-10%，而微波解冻无血水流出，无肉损；
05 触摸屏操作
微波解冻设备采用触摸屏操作，可设定适宜于解冻工艺规范要求的电脑操作程序，实现全自动操作；
06 设备连续运行
可靠性高解冻设备可连续24小时工作，在磁控管与加热箱之间安装了大功率环形器，延长了磁控管的寿命；
07 环保
无污水排出，省去污水处理费用；
08 安全无害
工作环境洁净微波解冻是在金属制成的封闭的解冻舱内工作，箱体和传送带可以安全冲洗。
01 High energy utilization rate
Due to the selective heating of electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic energy is basically absorbed by the material, with very little loss to the external environment. Only a portion of the power is reflected back or absorbed by the load of the annular device;
02 Thawing evenly
Microwave thawing can generate heat by simultaneously applying electromagnetic fields to the material surface. So the thawing uniformity is good;
03 Ensuring Nutritionality
The characteristic of microwave being able to quickly thaw allows thawed materials to quickly pass through the external environment where bacteria multiply in large numbers compared to conventional thawing, avoiding pollution and maintaining the taste of thawed materials. Nutrients such as protein, amino acids, and vitamins are not damaged;
04 Reduce meat loss rate
Both natural thawing and hydrolytic thawing will cause blood and water to flow out, with a meat damage rate of 5-10%. However, microwave thawing does not cause blood and water to flow out, and there is no meat damage;
05 Touch screen operation
The microwave thawing equipment adopts touch screen operation and can set computer operating programs suitable for the thawing process specifications, achieving fully automatic operation;
06 Continuous operation of equipment
The highly reliable thawing equipment can work continuously for 24 hours, and a high-power annular device is installed between the magnetron and the heating box, extending the lifespan of the magnetron;
07 Environmental Protection
No sewage discharge, saving sewage treatment costs;
08 Safe and harmless
The working environment is clean. Microwave thawing works in a metal enclosed thawing chamber, and the box and conveyor belt can be safely rinsed.
麦克威微波解冻是使用微波对冷冻制品进行解冻的过程，一般采用工业微波频率915MHz，由于在冷冻品内部有很多极性分子组成物如水、蛋白质和糖元等都对微波能有很大吸收能力。
MCVEY microwave thawing is the process of using microwaves to thaw frozen products, generally using an industrial microwave frequency of 915MHz. Due to the presence of many polar molecular components such as water, proteins, and glycogen inside the frozen product, they have a great absorption capacity for microwave energy.
麦克威微波解冻设备简述
主要作用产品：牛肉/猪肉/鸡肉/海鱼/虾/牛油等；
解冻量：每小时解冻量约3吨(主流机型);
自动化程度：全自动进料，与其他传输设备直接对接，可根据瘦肉率自动化一键设定运行参数;
微波泄露抑制措施：独创三重防泄漏措施，潜艇式开关门直接封闭，最大限度降低微波泄露;
腔体清洁：电动全仓上下分离式，可直接水洗或擦拭，配有漏水口(部分机型);
传输链网：多段变速链网，可对接自动化上下游设备;
远程控制：可通过手机APP远程操控，方便查看设备运行状态以及排除故障;
设备运输：设备可分为一段2M及2段3M结构(部分机型);
微波源与磁控管：麦克威引进德国技术自主研发的M75k-1/M100k-1微波源及磁控管，维护保养全包服务。
Overview of MCVEY Microwave Thawing Equipment
Main products: beef/pork/chicken/sea fish/shrimp/butter, etc;
Thawing capacity: Approximately 3 tons per hour (mainstream models);
Automation level: Fully automatic feeding, directly connected to other transmission equipment, can automatically set operating parameters based on lean meat rate with just one click;
Microwave leakage suppression measures: Unique triple anti leakage measures, submarine style door opening and closing directly closed, minimizing microwave leakage;
Chamber cleaning: Electric full compartment up and down separation type, can be directly washed or wiped with water, equipped with a leakage port (some models);
Transmission chain network: Multi segment variable speed chain network, capable of connecting with automated upstream and downstream equipment;
Remote control: It can be remotely controlled through a mobile app, making it convenient to check the device’s operating status and troubleshoot;
Equipment transportation: The equipment can be divided into one 2M and two 3M structures (some models);
Microwave source and magnetron: MCVEY has independently developed the M75k-1/M100k-1 microwave source and magnetron with German technology, providing comprehensive maintenance services.